Localisez le centre de service agréé Patek Philippe le plus proche de : Shanghai. [187][188] The consecutive three-year senior secondary education is priced and uses the Senior High School Entrance Examination (Zhongkao) as a selection process, with a gross enrollment ratio of 98%. Many universities in Shanghai are located in residential areas in Yangpu District and Putuo District. [319] The wastes are collected by separate vehicles and sent to incineration plants, landfills, recycling centers, and hazardous-waste-disposal facilities, respectively. [145], As of 2019[update], Shanghai had a total population of 24,281,400, including 14,504,300 (59.7%) hukou holders (registered locally). [61] Summers are hot and humid, and occasional downpours or freak thunderstorms can be expected. Secular objects like flowers and birds were often selected as themes. Les activités du tertiaire supérieur sont très développées (formation, recherche, etc.). [267], Traditional Chinese opera (Xiqu) became a popular source of public entertainment in the late 19th century. The city has several major institutes of theater training, including the Shanghai Conservatory of Music, the Shanghai Dramatic Arts Centre, the Shanghai Opera House, and the Shanghai Theatre Academy. Il semble aujourd'hui que la ville soit en passe de retrouver la place de centre financier de l'Asie qu'elle occupait auparavant. Les échanges de marchandises (à partir de la compagnie de transport maritime CMA CGM) L'imbrication et la complémentarité des deux thèmes expliquent le choix de les traiter ensemble. 2Open Coastal Cities. [203] Shanghai reintroduced trams in 2010, as a modern rubber-tire Translohr system in Zhangjiang area of East Shanghai as Zhangjiang Tram. Danielson, Eric N., Shanghai and the Yangzi Delta, 2004, p.9, pp.11–12, p.34. [76] Each residence is connected and arranged in straight alleys, known as longtang[f] (弄堂). [168], Prior to its expansion, the language spoken in Shanghai was subordinate to those spoken around Jiaxing and later Suzhou,[168] and was known as "the local tongue" (本地闲话), which is now being used in suburbs only. The city was one of five treaty ports forced open to foreign trade after the First Opium War. aDirect-administered Municipalities. cSeparate state-planning cities. Shanghai (AFP) - L'empire Disney débarque cette semaine dans l'empire du Milieu, en inaugurant à Shanghai son premier parc d'attractions de Chine continentale. "The West Bank", or "West of the River Pu"), the older part of urban Shanghai on the west bank of the Huangpu River. [215], Private car ownership in Shanghai is rapidly increasing: in 2019, there were 3.40 million private cars in the city, a 12.5% increase from 2018. The park has an artificial lake with a sky bridge running across the park. [131] In 2009, the trading volume of six key commodities—including rubber, copper, and zinc—on the Shanghai Futures Exchange all ranked first globally. [82] Completed in 2015, the tower takes the form of nine twisted sections stacked atop each other, totaling 128 floors. Location of Shanghai Municipality in China. Enseignement supérieur : le leadership continental de l’Afrique du Sud et de l’Égypte confirmé par le classement de Shanghai 2019. Elle explique avoir lu des choses sur Weibo, le Twitter chinois. D’année en année, l’excellence universitaire africaine se polarise entre l’Afrique du Sud et l’Égypte. [83] It is featured in its double-skin facade design, which eliminates the need for either layer to be opaqued for reflectivity as the double-layer structure has already reduced the heat absorption. [169] In the late 19th century, downtown Shanghainese (上海闲话) appeared, undergoing rapid changes and quickly replacing Suzhounese as the prestige dialect of the Yangtze River Delta region. In 2010, Shanghai became the host city of Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, which raced in a street circuit in Pudong. 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Sont situés à proximité Zhabei, Songjiang et Zhujiajiao. China's top-tier basketball team, the Shanghai Sharks of the Chinese Basketball Association, developed Yao Ming before he entered the NBA. bSub-provincial cities as provincial capitals. The refugees from Europe were interned into a cramped ghetto in the Hongkou District,[52] and after the Japanese invasion of Pearl Harbor, even the Iraqi Jews who had been living in Shanghai from before the outbreak of WWII were interned. [269] Pingtan art developed rapidly to 103 programs every day by the 1930s because of the abundant commercial radio stations in the city. La bourse de Shanghai (Shanghai Stock Exchange) est la deuxième bourse asiatique et la 6e mondiale (en terme de capitalisation). [189] Among all senior high schools, the four with the best teaching quality—Shanghai High School, No. [163], Islam came into Shanghai during the Yuan dynasty. [16] This character appears on all motor vehicle license plates issued in the municipality today.[17]. [228] The city has two commercial airports: Shanghai Pudong International Airport and Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport. [25] During the Warring States period (475 BC), Shanghai was part of the fief of Lord Chunshen of Chu, one of the Four Lords of the Warring States. Most inbound flights were canceled, and more than 50 flights at Pudong International Airport were diverted. The city is the home of the New Development Bank, a multilateral development bank established by the BRICS states. He ordered the excavation of the Huangpu River. [25] Fishermen living in the Shanghai area then created a fish tool called the hù, which lent its name to the outlet of Suzhou Creek north of the Old City and became a common nickname and abbreviation for the city. [61] The provincial-level Municipality of Shanghai administers both the estuary and many of its surrounding islands. As of 2020, Shanghai is classified as an Alpha+ (global first-tier) city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network and ranked as having the 3rd most competitive and largest financial center in the world behind New York City and London. 申 (Shēn) or 申城 (Shēnchéng, "Shen City") was an early name originating from Lord Chunshen, a 3rd-century BC nobleman and prime minister of the state of Chu, whose fief included modern Shanghai. During this time period, large numbers of Soviet experts, including architects, poured into China to aid the country in the construction of a communist state. [316][317] Additionally, the government has moved almost all the factories within the city center to either the outskirts or other provinces,[318] and provided incentives for transportation companies to invest in LPG buses and taxis. On 27 May 1949, the People's Liberation Army took control of Shanghai through the Shanghai Campaign. [312] On 12 February 2014, China's cabinet announced that a CN¥10 billion (US$1.7 billion) fund will be set up to help companies meet the new environmental standards. [154], Due to its cosmopolitan history, Shanghai has a blend of religious heritage; religious buildings and institutions are scattered around the city. In recent years, cycling has seen a resurgence in popularity due to the emergence of a large number of dockless app-based bicycle-sharing systems, such as Mobike, Bluegogo, and ofo. Autres images sélectionnées au sein du portail Shanghai, Site historique et culturel majeur protégé au niveau national à Shanghai, COVID-19 en Chine : Shanghai Disneyland rouvre après avoir fermé en janvier 2020, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portail:Shanghai&oldid=117377173, Portail comptant entre 100 et 999 articles, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions. [229] Pudong International Airport is the primary international airport, while Hongqiao International Airport mainly operates domestic flights with limited short-haul international flights. These seven districts are collectively referred to as Shanghai Proper (上海市区) or the core city (市中心), which comprise Huangpu, Xuhui, Changning, Jing'an, Putuo, Hongkou, and Yangpu. [312] The measures involved implementing the 2013 air-cleaning program, establishing a linkage mechanism with the three surrounding provinces, and improving the city's early-warning systems. Shanghai est connecté à son arrière-pays par voie fluviale. Elle a accueilli l'Exposition universelle de 2010. Proudly powered by Weebly. Other Jewish refugees found haven in Shanghai, not through Sugihara, but came on ships from Italy. [164], Shanghai has several folk religious temples, including the City God Temple at the heart of the Old City, the Dajing Ge Pavilion dedicated to the Three Kingdoms general Guan Yu, the Confucian Temple of Shanghai, and a major Taoist center Shanghai White Cloud Temple [zh] where the Shanghai Taoist Association locates. However, the Jewish refugees' stay in Kobe was short as the Japanese government transferred them to Shanghai by November 1941. By 1957, there were only one hundred Jews remaining in Shanghai. [43] In the last two decades, Shanghai has been one of the fastest-developing cities in the world; it has recorded double-digit GDP growth in almost every year between 1992 and 2008, before the financial crisis of 2007–08. [193] The average fare ranges from CN¥3 (US$0.48) to CN¥9 (US$1.28), depending on the travel distance. [249] The Shanghai Natural History Museum and the Shanghai Science and Technology Museum are notable natural history and science museums. Two HSRs are under construction: Shanghai–Nantong railway and Shanghai–Suzhou–Huzhou HSR [zh]. In July 1921, the Communist Party of China was founded in the French Concession. Hergé n’y mit jamais les pieds, mais bénéficia des connaissances de son ami chinois, Zhang Chongren, un étudiant originaire de Shanghai, qui servira de modèle à l’attachant personnage homonyme. [79], Some of Shanghai's buildings feature Soviet neoclassical architecture or Stalinist architecture, though the city has fewer such structures than Beijing. The land is formed by the Yangtze's natural deposition and modern land reclamation projects. [62] The municipality's northernmost point is on Chongming Island, which is the second-largest island in mainland China after its expansion during the 20th century. [292] It hosted the 1000th Formula One race on 14 April 2019. A side-effect of the Japanese invasion of Shanghai was the Shanghai Ghetto. Among the refugees in the Shanghai Ghetto was the Mirrer Yeshiva, including its students and faculty. Many national expressways (prefixed with the letter G) pass through or end in Shanghai, including Jinghu Expressway (overlaps with Hurong Expressway), Shenhai Expressway, Hushaan Expressway, Huyu Expressway, Hukun Expressway (overlaps with Hangzhou Bay Ring Expressway), and Shanghai Ring Expressway. Il prend sa source au Tibet et s’écoule jusqu’à la mer de Chine orientale (Pacifique), au nord de la plus grande ville de Chine, Shanghai. [64], Shanghai has a humid subtropical climate, with an average annual temperature of 15.8 °C (60.4 °F) for urban districts and 15.2–15.7 °C (59.4–60.3 °F) for suburbs. [157] As of 2014[update], Buddhism in Shanghai had 114 temples, 1,182 clergical staff, and 453,300 registered followers. As of March 2020[update], newspapers publishing in Shanghai include: Newspapers formerly published in Shanghai include: The city's main broadcaster is Shanghai Media Group. [10] Shanghai's six largest industries—retail, finance, IT, real estate, machine manufacturing, and automotive manufacturing—comprise about half the city's GDP. The plan included a public museum, library, sports stadium, and city hall, which were partially constructed before being interrupted by the Japanese invasion. The French opted out of the Shanghai Municipal Council and maintained its own concession to the south and southwest. Its former or poetic name, the Chunshen River, gave Shanghai its nickname of "Shēn". [245] As such, Shanghai has several museums of regional and national importance. Extrait du guide Cartoville Shanghai. At the time, most of the city's residents were immigrants from the two adjacent provinces, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, so Shanghainese was mostly a hybrid between Southern Jiangsu and Ningbo dialects. Lors de ma participation à la China International Import Expo 2019 de Shanghai, en Chine, j’ai soutenu que grâce à sa stratégie “One Belt, one Road”, la Chine est désormais en train de s’assurer que la croissance mondiale contribuera à son tour à consolider la puissance économique chinoise à long terme. Aspirations and reality, and implications for Hong Kong", All About Shanghai. [24] During the Spring and Autumn period (approximately 771 to 476 BC), it belonged to the Kingdom of Wu, which was conquered by the Kingdom of Yue, which in turn was conquered by the Kingdom of Chu. [136][137] Auto manufacturing is another important industry. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 1 août 2015 à 18:26. Elle est située sur la rivière de Huangpu près de l'embouchure du Yangzi Jiang, à l'est de la Chine. This is different from the official Chinese dialect, Mandarin, which is mutually unintelligible with Wu Chinese. A city wall was built for the first time in 1554 to protect the town from raids by Japanese pirates. La Chine est un pays d’Asie de l’Est. Les espaces majeurs de production et d'échanges (à partir de la ZIP de Shanghai) 2. [135], As one of the main industrial centers of China, Shanghai plays a key role in domestic manufacturing and heavy industry. In 2017, the number of domestic tourists increased by 7.5% to 318 million, while the number of overseas tourists increased by 2.2% to 8.73 million. "The East Bank", or "East of the River Pu"), the newer part of urban and suburban Shanghai on the east bank of the Huangpu River, is governed by Pudong New Area (浦东新区). [61] The city experiences four distinct seasons. [268] In the 1920s, Pingtan expanded from Suzhou to Shanghai. Shanghai is considered to be the birthplace of Chinese cinema. joint venture university—since 2012. Scholars have theorized that this likely reflected the town's economic importance, as opposed to its low political status. [120] Shanghai's nominal GDP is projected to reach US$1.3 trillion in 2035 (ranking first in China), making it one of the world's Top 5 major cities in terms of GRP according to a study by Oxford Economics. [260] The school was considered an expansion of the Wu School in Suzhou, the cultural center of the Jiangnan region at the time. Chapter 4 – Population, A Description of the Oriental Library Before and After the Destruction by Japanese on February 1, 1932, 149 comfort women houses discovered in Shanghai, https://www.theatlantic.com/china/archive/2013/11/shanghais-forgotten-jewish-past/281713/, "GaWC - The World According to GaWC 2020". [167] Modern Shanghainese is based on other dialects of Taihu Wu: Suzhounese, Ningbonese, and the local dialect of Songjiang Prefecture. The city is a seat of two members (Fudan University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University) of the C9 League, an alliance of elite Chinese universities offering comprehensive and leading education,[179] and these two universities are ranked in the global top 100 research comprehensive universities according to the most influential university rankings in the world such as QS Rankings, Shanghai Rankings, and Times Higher Education Rankings. [111][112] The city is a global center for finance and innovation,[113][114] and a national center for commerce, trade, and transportation,[115] with the world's busiest container port—the Port of Shanghai. [297] Built in 1914 as Jessfield Park, it once contained the campus of St. John's University, Shanghai's first international college; today, the park features sakura and peony gardens and a 150-year-old platanus,[298] and it also serves as an interchange hub in the metro system. [84] The futuristic-looking Oriental Pearl Tower, at 468 m (1,535 ft), is located nearby at the northern tip of Lujiazui. Gordon Cumming, C. F. (Constance Frederica), "The inventor of the numeral-type for China by the use of which illiterate Chinese both blind and sighted can very quickly be taught to read and write fluently", London : Downey, 1899, Ku, Hung-Ting [1979] (1979). Shanghai's film industry grew during the early 1930s, generating stars such as Hu Die, Ruan Lingyu, Zhou Xuan, Jin Yan, and Zhao Dan. Les premières installations de Yangshan ont ouvert en 2005, construites en partie sur les îles Yangshan, de petites îles totalement transformées pour accueillir les infrastructures.Le port est relié au continent par le pont de Donghai de 32,5 kilomètres, dont 26 kilomètres en continu au-dessus de la mer. [239] Haipai culture emerged after Shanghai became a prosperous port in the early 20th century, with numerous foreigners from Europe, America, Japan, and India moving into the city. Various art forms—including photography, wood carving, sculpture, comics (Manhua), and Lianhuanhua—thrived. More than 10,000 shops and hundreds of factories and public buildings[48] were destroyed, leaving Zhabei district ruined. [41] Headed by a Chinese mayor and municipal council, the new city government's first task—the Greater Shanghai Plan—was to create a new city center in Jiangwan town of Yangpu district, outside the boundaries of the foreign concessions. As of 2019[update], there are 17 metro lines (excluding the Shanghai maglev train and Jinshan Railway), 415 stations, and 704.91 km (438 mi) of lines in operation, making it the longest network in the world. Publié pour la première fois en 1934 (en noir et blanc), Le Lotus bleuraconte les tribulations du jeune reporter dans la ville des concessions et des fumeries d’opiu… [254] Haipai cuisine, on the other hand, is a Western-influenced cooking style that originated in Shanghai. Notable theaters in Shanghai include the Shanghai Grand Theatre, the Oriental Art Center, and the People's Theatre. "C'est rare de voir des manifestations sur le continent", dit une étudiante de 21 ans qui se présente sous son nom de famille, Zhu. In 2018, Shanghai hosted the first China International Import Expo (CIIE), the world's first import-themed national-level expo. About 18,000 civilians were either killed, injured, or declared missing. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from −10.1 °C (14 °F) on 31 January 1977 (unofficial record of −12.1 °C (10 °F) was set on 19 January 1893) to 40.9 °C (106 °F) on 21 July 2017 at a weather station in Xujiahui. [21][22] This is similar to Ho Chi Minh City (also known as Saigon), in Vietnam, which has also been nicknamed as "Paris of the Orient", due to Vietnam's historical French status. [174][180][181] Fudan University established a joint EMBA program with Washington University in St. Louis in 2002 which has since consistently been ranked as one of the best in the world. Drama appeared in missionary schools in Shanghai in the late 19th century. [133] As of 2019[update], the city had 71 five star hotels, 61 four star hotels, 1,758 travel agencies, 113 rated tourist attractions, and 34 red tourist attractions. [279], Since 2001, Shanghai has held its own fashion week called Shanghai Fashion Week twice every year in April and October. At the time, it was mainly performed in English. Public awareness of the environment is growing, and the city is investing in a number of environmental protection projects. [282], Shanghai is home to several soccer teams, including two in the Chinese Super League: Shanghai Greenland Shenhua[283] and Shanghai Port. [25] The historic center of the city was located on the west bank of the Huangpu (Puxi), near the mouth of Suzhou Creek, connecting it with Lake Tai and the Grand Canal. [262] Western art was introduced to Shanghai in 1847 by Spanish missionary Joannes Ferrer (范廷佐), and the city's first Western atelier was established in 1864 inside the Tushanwan orphanage [zh; fr]. [81] Among the most prominent examples are the 421 m (1,381 ft) high Jin Mao Tower, the 492 m (1,614 ft) high Shanghai World Financial Center, and the 632 m (2,073 ft) high Shanghai Tower, which is the tallest building in China and the second tallest in the world. L'empire Disney débarque cette semaine dans l'empire du Milieu, en inaugurant à Shanghai son premier parc d'attractions de Chine continentale. Fuxing Park, located in the former French Concession, features formal French-style gardens and is surrounded by high-end bars and cafes. )", "Market Towns and Waterways: The County of Shang-hai from 1480 to 1910", WikiSatellite view of Shanghai at WikiMapia, First National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, claimed by the People's Republic of China, Yangtze River Midstream (Yangtze River Valley), Sub-provincial cities as provincial capitals, Template:Administrative divisions of Taiwan, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shanghai&oldid=1017444471, Populated places established in the 10th century, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Articles containing traditional Chinese-language text, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with Chinese-language sources (zh), Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2019, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles containing simplified Chinese-language text, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, Articles containing potentially dated statements from October 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2014, Articles containing potentially dated statements from December 2018, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from April 2020, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [9] Shanghai has many rivers, canals, streams, and lakes, and it is known for its rich water resources as part of the Lake Tai drainage basin.
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